Industry News

How does the chassis work?

2019-08-21

How does the chassis of the car we often ride work? Today small series through gifs demo, let us more intuitive understanding of its working principle.

01 manual gearbox



The manual gearbox is called the manual transmission (MT), also known as the mechanical transmission, that is, the hand must move the gear lever (commonly known as the "gear handle") to change the gear mesh position within the transmission, change the transmission ratio, so as to achieve the purpose of transmission.

Its simple structure, reliable performance, low manufacturing and maintenance costs, and high transmission efficiency (theoretically more fuel efficient), in addition, because it is purely mechanical control, shift response is fast, and can more directly express the driver's will, and therefore more fun to drive, these are the advantages of manual gearbox. However, compared to the automatic gearbox, it is cumbersome to operate, and in the shift gear when the obvious disadvantage is not made up.

02 clutch




The clutch is located in the flywheel housing between the engine and the gearbox. The clutch assembly is fixed on the back plane of the flywheel with screws. The output shaft of the clutch is the input shaft of the gearbox.

In the process of driving the car, the driver can according to the need to step down or release the clutch pedal, so that the engine and gearbox temporarily separated and gradually engage, in order to cut off or transfer the engine to the transmission of the power input.

Clutch function is to make the engine and transmission between the gradual engagement, so as to ensure the smooth start of the car; Temporarily cut off the connection between the engine and the transmission to facilitate shift and reduce the impact of shift; When the car emergency braking can play a separation role, prevent transmission system overload, so as to play a certain protective role.


03 differential



The differential enables the left and right (or front and rear) drive wheels to rotate at different speeds. It is mainly composed of left and right half shaft gear, two planetary gear and gear rack.

Function is when the car turns to drive or drive on uneven road surface, so that the left and right wheels with different rotation speed to roll, that is, to ensure that both sides of the drive wheel for pure rolling motion. The differential is designed to adjust the speed difference between the left and right wheels.

In 4 wheel drive, in order to drive the four wheels, must connect all of the wheels, if the mechanical connection together, the four wheels the car is moving in a curve can't rotate at the same speed, in order to let the cars drive curve basic consistency rotation speed, then need to join the middle differential is used to adjust the speed difference of the front and back.

Car suspension system



The suspension system is the automobile frame and the automobile bridge or the wheel all transfers the force to connect the device the general name, its function is transfers the force between the wheel and the vehicle frame and the force torsion, and the buffer from the uneven road surface to the vehicle frame or the vehicle body's impact force, and attenuates from this causes the vibration, guarantees the automobile to be able to travel smoothly.

The proper function of the suspension system is to support the body and improve the feeling of riding. Different suspension Settings will make the driver have different driving feelings. The seemingly simple suspension system combines multiple forces to determine the stability, comfort and safety of the car.

Typical suspension structures are composed of elastic elements, guiding mechanism and shock absorbers, and some structures have buffer blocks and lateral stabilizer bars. Elastic components and leaf spring, air spring, helical spring and torsion bar spring and other forms, and modern car suspension system is mostly used helical spring and torsion bar spring, some luxury cars use air spring.

05 universal joint



Universal joint (that is, universal joint) is a mechanism to realize variable Angle power transmission, which is used to change the position of transmission axis.

The combination of universal joint and drive shaft is called universal joint drive device. In vehicles driven by rear wheels of front-engine, the universal joint drive device is installed between the output shaft of the transmission and the input shaft of the main reducer of the drive axle. The front-wheel-driven vehicle with the front-facing engine omits the drive shaft, and the universal joint is installed between the front axle axle and the wheel, which is responsible for driving and steering.

05 drum brake



Drum brake is the use of brake drum inside the stationary brake pad, to friction with the wheel rotation of the brake drum, in order to generate friction to reduce the speed of wheel rotation brake device.

When the brake pedal is pressed, the force applied by the foot causes the piston in the brake master pump to push the brake oil forward and create pressure in the oil path. The pressure is transmitted through the brake oil to the brake pump piston of each wheel. The piston of the brake pump pushes the brake pads outward, causing friction between the brake pads and the inner surface of the brake drum, and generating enough friction force to reduce the wheel speed to achieve the purpose of braking.

06 disc brake



The disc brake consists of a brake disc connected to the wheel and a brake clamp on the edge of the disc. When braking, the high pressure brake oil pushes the brake pad to clamp the brake disc, thus creating a braking effect.

The working principle of the disc brake system is to install a disc plate that rotates synchronously with the wheel on flower drum, and install calipers on the front fork and the frame, and then clamp the disc plate through the brake block in the calipers to achieve the purpose of braking.

07 front drive



Front drive refers to the drive mode of engine front drive and front wheel drive. In modern medium and small cars, more front drive.

Its advantages are: simple mechanism, compared with the front and rear drive to save the drive shaft from the front motor to drive the rear wheel power transmission, save fuel.

08 front and rear drive



Front and rear drive is the front and rear wheel drive of automobile engine, which is one of the most traditional driving forms.

There are few small cars with front and rear drive at home and abroad, but most trucks (including pickup trucks), some cars (especially luxury cars, racing cars and sports cars) and some passenger cars all adopt front and rear drive.

09 front four wheel drive



The front four wheel drive guides the engine forward to the front of the car, driven by four wheels. Because all four wheels are powered, the front four has a higher handling performance than a design that relies solely on the front or rear wheels.

This layout is commonly used in rally and off-road vehicles, and some of the better-known front-four drive systems include the audi Quattro, which made its name in rallies in the 1980s, and the roadblock sport-utility vehicle.

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